There are vegan's that disagree. A tiny, tiny minority. Jain veganism forbids yeast and other fungi. But I'm guessing the OP is safe to serve the purchased dough to his coworker.
As an aside, years ago I asked a coworker from India if it's true that there is a Jain sect that doesn't eat fungi and yeast, and he said that not only is that true, there is a Jain sect that won't eat any part of a plant that grows under the ground. So, no potatoes, onions, beets, peanuts, garlic, etc.
It's a religion. Not a diet.
Veganism is an invention of white europeans. There's nothing eastern about it. The term was coined by Donald Watson in 1944.
I had many H1B coworkers from India at that job and I worked there for several years. A few of them told me that they are strict vegetarians and then later had chicken for lunch. But they don't eat beef, or pork. For religious or traditional reasons. It's important to understand that Indian culture is fairly complex and varied.
If there are vegans who won't eat yeast, I would wonder if they eat mushrooms.
There are dough conditioners (such as cystine) that are often manufactured from hog hair, so they wouldn't be acceptable for vegans or members of various religions.
